Linux CentOS Linux
CentOS Linux 7 (Core) [3.10.0-1062.1.2.el7.x86_64|libc 2.17 (GNU libc)]
https://lhcathome.cern.ch/lhcathome/show_host_detail.php?hostid=10618519
Scientific Linux 7
3.10.0-1062.1.2.el7.x86_64
https://lhcathome.cern.ch/lhcathome/show_host_detail.php?hostid=10589645

I'm not sure I understand your question:

Linux CentOS Linux: 3.10.0-1062.1.2.el7.x86_64|libc 2.17 (GNU libc)]
Scientific Linux 7: 3.10.0-1062.1.2.el7.x86_64

Both are examples of distributions derived from Red Hat Enterprise Linux - hence the ".el7." - by recompiling source code distributed by Red Hat, hence the cryptic references on distro homepages to an "upstream vendor". So yes, those kernels will have come from the same source.

Except that the distros can choose their own build-time options (and also boot-time configuration options), so although the binary kernels come from the same code base, you can't assume they will actually behave identically. For instance, in the past I've had hardware run on SLC but not generic SL.

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